Dogs are generally considered "senior" from around 7 years old (earlier for large and giant breeds, later for small breeds). Senior dogs need more frequent veterinary attention, and the costs can escalate significantly. Here are the most common health conditions and what they cost to manage in the UK.

Osteoarthritis

Arthritis is the single most common condition in senior dogs, affecting an estimated 80% of dogs over 8 years old. It is chronically under-diagnosed — many owners attribute slowing down to "just getting old."

Monthly management costs:

  • Metacam/Loxicom (NSAID): £15–£40/month
  • Librela injection: £60–£95/month
  • Joint supplements: £10–£25/month
  • Hydrotherapy: £25–£45 per session (typically weekly or fortnightly)
  • 6-monthly blood monitoring: £40–£80 per test

Annual arthritis management: £200–£1,500 depending on treatment approach and severity.

Dental Disease

By age 3, an estimated 80% of dogs have some degree of dental disease. By senior age, many need professional dental treatment under general anaesthetic:

  • Dental scale and polish: £200–£450
  • Dental extractions (per tooth): £50–£150 on top of the dental procedure
  • Pre-anaesthetic blood test (recommended for seniors): £60–£120

A senior dog dental with multiple extractions can cost £400–£800 or more. Regular dental checks and daily brushing can reduce the severity and frequency of dental procedures.

Lumps and Tumours

Lumps become increasingly common in older dogs. Not all are cancerous, but all should be checked:

  • Fine needle aspirate (FNA) — initial investigation: £50–£120
  • Biopsy: £200–£400
  • Lump removal (minor): £200–£500
  • Lump removal (complex): £500–£1,500
  • Cancer treatment (chemotherapy): £3,000–£10,000+

Pet insurance is particularly valuable for senior dogs due to the increased risk of expensive conditions. However, pre-existing conditions are excluded, so insurance started in later life may not cover much.

Kidney Disease

Chronic kidney disease is common in older dogs and requires ongoing management:

  • Diagnosis (blood and urine tests): £80–£150
  • Prescription kidney diet: £40–£80/month
  • Monitoring blood tests (every 3–6 months): £60–£120 per test
  • Medication (e.g., benazepril): £15–£30/month

Heart Disease

Mitral valve disease is the most common heart condition in older small-breed dogs (Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, Chihuahuas, Poodles). Large breeds are more prone to dilated cardiomyopathy.

  • Diagnosis (auscultation, echocardiogram): £150–£400
  • Heart medication (daily): £30–£80/month
  • Monitoring echocardiograms: £200–£350 per scan

Senior Health Checks

Many vets recommend 6-monthly health checks for senior dogs, compared to annual checks for younger dogs. A senior health check may include:

  • Physical examination: £30–£65
  • Blood panel (kidney, liver, thyroid): £80–£150
  • Urine analysis: £30–£50
  • Blood pressure: £20–£40

Early detection of conditions like kidney disease and hypothyroidism means earlier treatment, slower progression, and often lower lifetime costs. The upfront investment in regular screening is worthwhile.

Last updated: March 2026. Sources: BSAVA guidelines, VetCost pricing data. Discuss a senior health plan with your vet.